【 文献重点摘要 】
 

Background: If safety is defined as the diminished ability to penetrate facial arteries, the goal of this study was to investigate whether different-sized cannulas are safer than correspondingly sized needles for the application of facial soft-tissue fillers.

Methods: Two hundred ninety-four penetration procedures of the facial and superficial temporal arteries were performed in four fresh frozen cephalic specimens using both needles (20-, 22-, 25-, and 27-gauge) and cannulas (22-, 25-, and 27-gauge). Continuously increasing force was applied and measured until intraarterial penetration occurred.

Results: No statistically significant differences were detected when comparing forces required to penetrate the facial arterial vasculature between different sexes, arteries, or sides of the face (all p > 0.05). Forces needed to penetrate significantly (p < 0.001) decreased with smaller diameter needles (20-gauge, 1.12 ± 0.29 N; 22-gauge, 1.08 ± 0.25 N; 25-gauge, 0.69 ± 0.24 N; and 27-gauge, 0.70 ± 0.29 N) and in cannulas (22-gauge, 1.50 ± 0.31 N; 25-gauge, 1.04 ± 0.36 N; and 27-gauge, 0.78 ± 0.35 N). Comparing 27-gauge injectors, no statistically significant difference was detected between needles and cannulas; an artery could be penetrated with a similar force independent of whether the injector was a needle or a cannula (0.70 ± 0.29 N versus 0.78 ± 0.35 N; p = 0.558).

Conclusions: Cannulas, in all measured sizes except 27-gauge, required greater forces for intraarterial penetration compared with correspondingly sized needles, confirming the safety of 22- and 25-gauge cannulas; 27-gauge cannulas, however, required similar forces as 27-gauge needles, indicating that 27-gauge cannulas are not safer than 27-gauge needles.

背景：如果安全性定义为穿透面动脉的能力减弱，本研究的目的是调查不同大小的插管是否比应用面部软组织填充物的相应大小的针头更安全，这项研究的目的是调查不同大小的插管是否比相应大小的针头应用面部软组织填充物更安全。

方法：在4例新鲜冷冻头颅标本上，分别使用针头(20、22、25和27号)和套管(22、25和27号)对面动脉和颞浅动脉进行了294次穿透手术。施加和测量持续增加的力，直到发生动脉内穿透。

结果：不同性别、不同动脉、不同面部侧别的面部动脉血管穿透力比较，差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。穿刺力随针径变小(20G，1.12±0.29N；22G，1.08N±0.25N；25G，0.69±0.24N；27G，0.70±0.29N)和套管内(22G，1.50±0.31N；25G，1.04±0.36N；27G，0.78±0.35N)显著降低(P<0.001)。与27口径注射器相比，针头和套管之间无统计学差异；无论注射器是针头还是套管，穿透动脉的力都是相似的(0.70±0.29N比0.78±0.35N；p=0.558)。

结论：除27号针外的所有测量尺寸的套管，与相应尺寸的针相比，动脉内穿透需要更大的力，证实了22号和25号针的安全性；然而，27号管需要的力与27号针相似，这表明27号针并不比27号针更安全。